Guttering is the cheapest part of a roof and the part that causes the most expensive damage when it is ignored. Water coming over the back of a gutter runs straight down the wall, and after a couple of winters that is a damp problem inside rather than a gutter problem outside.

Blocked, sagging, wrongly laid, or simply too small for the roof area. Those need different answers and only one of them is cleaning.
Gutter needs a consistent fall to the outlet. A lot of overflowing gutter is not blocked, it is level or falling the wrong way.
A sound run with one failed joint does not need replacing. A brittle sun-damaged run does.
UPVC where it suits, aluminium where a longer life is worth it, and cast iron kept and repaired on period property where plastic would look wrong.
A clear gutter feeding a blocked gully just moves the problem to the bottom of the wall.
Send a photograph of the problem and you will get a straight answer on what it needs, at no cost.
Once a year on most houses, twice under heavy tree cover. A lot of the streets we work in are lined with mature trees and those gutters fill every autumn without fail.
Usually yes, and on a period property it is normally the right answer. Cast iron can be rebedded, resealed and repainted and will then last many more years.
It is normally the sensible time, since the gutter has to come off to get at the fascia. See our soffits and fascias page.
No. It usually means the run is undersized, laid to the wrong fall, or partly blocked. It is worth sorting because that water is going somewhere.
Short works can be done safely from ladders or a tower. Longer runs at height want a scaffold, and it will be in the quote.